Which two primary functions are associated with the epidermis?

The epidermis serves crucial protective and moisture-retaining functions in the body. Its primary role is to act as a barrier that guards the underlying tissues and structures from environmental aggressors such as pathogens, chemical irritants, and physical injuries. This protective capability is vital, particularly for the elderly, who may have thinner skin and a reduced barrier function, making them more susceptible to skin injuries and infections.

Additionally, the epidermis helps in retaining moisture through its outer layer, which minimizes water loss from the skin. This moisture retention is essential for maintaining skin elasticity and overall skin health, especially in geriatric populations where skin tends to become drier and less resilient.

While other functions, such as collagen production and temperature regulation, are important to skin health, they primarily involve deeper layers of skin or other bodily systems, rather than being direct functions of the epidermis. Thus, retaining moisture and providing protection from external factors are the primary roles of the epidermis.