Which medication classes may increase the risk of hospital-acquired infections?

The focus of the question is on medication classes that may contribute to an increased risk of hospital-acquired infections. The correct answer relates to antibiotics and antifungals, which are important for treating infections but can also have the side effect of disrupting the normal microbial flora in the body. This disruption can lead to an overgrowth of pathogenic organisms, such as Clostridium difficile, particularly in hospitalized patients who may already be vulnerable due to their medical conditions or the healthcare environment.

Beta-blockers and diuretics, while important for managing cardiovascular health and fluid balance, do not directly impact the body’s ability to fight off infections. Therefore, their role in increasing infection risk is minimal. Pain relievers and muscle relaxants also do not have a significant role in this context, as they primarily manage symptoms rather than affect infection risk. Similarly, while antiviral drugs and steroids can have immunosuppressive effects, which may contribute to infection risk, the specific direct link to hospital-acquired infections is less pronounced in comparison to the impact of antibiotics and antifungals.

Thus, the assertion that antibiotics and antifungals can heighten the risk of hospital-acquired infections accurately captures how certain medications can affect the balance of microorganisms in the body and the overall susceptibility to