What should be monitored when using anticholinergic medications?

When using anticholinergic medications, it is crucial to monitor heart rate and cognitive function due to the potential side effects associated with these drugs. Anticholinergics can lead to an increased heart rate as they inhibit the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is involved in regulating heart activity. Additionally, these medications can impair cognitive function, especially in older adults who may already be at risk for cognitive decline. Monitoring cognitive function helps to identify any adverse effects early on, allowing for timely adjustments in medication or dosage if necessary.

In contrast, while serotonin levels, bone density changes, and pulmonary function are important aspects of patient health, they are not the primary concerns associated with anticholinergic medications. These medications have a more direct impact on the cardiovascular system and cognitive capabilities, making heart rate and cognitive function the critical parameters to monitor during treatment.