What condition is characterized by dryness of the skin?

Xerosis refers specifically to abnormally dry skin, and it is distinguished by a lack of moisture in the outer layer of the skin. This condition can manifest as redness, scaling, and cracking, and it is often exacerbated by environmental factors such as low humidity or frequent bathing. Individuals with xerosis may experience discomfort due to the tightness and rough texture of the skin.

In contrast, erythema is characterized by redness of the skin commonly caused by increased blood flow to an area, which can occur due to various factors such as irritation or inflammation. Dermatitis encompasses inflammation of the skin, which can present with a variety of symptoms including red, itchy patches, and is often associated with allergic reactions or irritants. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that results in red, scaly patches due to accelerated skin cell turnover. While each of these conditions can affect the skin's appearance and health, xerosis specifically addresses the issue of dry skin, making it the most accurate choice in this scenario.